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A shooter killed at least 22 people and wounded at least two dozen more in a mass shooting at a Walmart in El Paso, Texas, on Saturday, August 3. Less than 24 hours later, a mass shooting in Dayton, Ohio, left another nine dead and at least 27 wounded on the morning of Sunday, August 4.

The Dayton shooter was killed by police. The El Paso suspect, a 21-year-old man, is in custody. Officials are investigating whether the El Paso attack was motivated by racist views; investigators believe the suspect posted a manifesto online in which he suggested that immigrants were overrunning America.

The two shootings combined left more than 30 people dead and dozens more injured, all in the span of one weekend.

Here’s everything you need to know about this weekend’s gun violence, including the known details about each of the shootings, responses from lawmakers and politicians, and the underlying causes of America’s gun violence problem.

  • German Lopez

    German Lopez

    Democrats have been discussing the same ideas on guns for 25 years. It’s time to change that.

    Javier Zarracina/Vox; Getty Images

    The Democratic debates have crystallized how far Democrats have moved to the left on all sorts of issues over the past few years. Candidates for the presidency advocated for single-payer health care, a Green New Deal, free college, 70 percent taxes on the ultrawealthy, decriminalizing crossing the border without papers, and upholding “reproductive justice.”

    But there’s one issue, even as it’s gotten more attention, where major Democratic politicians haven’t moved much: guns. At the debates, most candidates raised the same ideas they’ve had for decades: universal background checks, an assault weapons ban, and keeping guns away from dangerous people. Only a few were active in calls to push further, such as Cory Booker’s support for requiring a license to buy and own a gun — which some candidates have joined in — and Beto O’Rourke’s promise that “hell yes, we’re going to take your AR-15, your AK-47.”

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  • Aaron Rupar

    Aaron Rupar

    Trump echoes NRA talking points, showing that “background checks” talk was all a charade

    President Donald Trump Departs White House For Kentucky
    President Donald Trump Departs White House For Kentucky
    Trump speaks outside the White House on Wednesday.
    Mark Wilson/Getty Images

    On August 7 — days after gunmen using semiautomatic weapons killed 31 people in separate shootings in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio — President Donald Trump told reporters he intended to respond to the latest outburst of deadly gun violence with new background checks legislation.

    “I’m looking to do background checks,” Trump said, without providing any details. “I think we can bring up background checks like we’ve never had before ... [Congress is] getting close to a bill.”

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  • Jane Coaston

    Jane Coaston

    A Republican senator is putting forward a bill to criminalize domestic terror

    Sen. Martha McSally (R-AZ) speaks during a Senate Armed Service Committee hearing on prevention and response to sexual assaults in the military on March 6, 2019, in Washington, DC.
    Sen. Martha McSally (R-AZ) speaks during a Senate Armed Service Committee hearing on prevention and response to sexual assaults in the military on March 6, 2019, in Washington, DC.
    Sen. Martha McSally (R-AZ) speaks during a Senate Armed Service Committee hearing on prevention and response to sexual assaults in the military on March 6, 2019, in Washington, DC.
    Mark Wilson/Getty Images

    Republican Sen. Martha McSally wants Congress to criminalize domestic terrorism — a move that comes amid bipartisan calls for the federal government to do more about the threat of domestic terror (and bipartisan concerns that the move could have unexpected, and negative, consequences).

    On Wednesday — 11 days after a white nationalist shot and killed 22 people at a Walmart in El Paso, Texas, injuring 27 others in an attack the shooter said was aimed at Mexican immigrants — the Arizona Republican released a discussion draft of a bill that would make domestic terrorism a specific federal offense. It would also require that the attorney general, the director of the FBI, and the secretary of homeland security submit a yearly report to Congress on domestic terror.

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  • Li Zhou

    Li Zhou

    Chuck Schumer wants Trump to redirect border wall money to gun control initiatives

    schumer and cantwell
    schumer and cantwell
    Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer is trying to maintain the focus on gun control.
    Chris Maddaloni/CQ Roll Call

    Democrats have a new strategy for keeping gun control at the top of Congress’s agenda: tying it to President Donald Trump’s fixation on his border wall.

    Specifically, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer is calling on Trump to redirect $5 billion in funds he’s requested for a wall along the southern border to fund gun control initiatives instead. The administration has requested these funds as part of the annual appropriations process, and Schumer is pushing for the president to change course in the wake of mass shootings in Ohio, California, and Texas in the past month. He’s expected to put in the official ask shortly, according to an aide.

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  • Alex Ward

    Alex Ward

    A Norwegian white nationalist tried to kill Muslims at a mosque

    NORWAY-MOSQUE-SHOOTING
    NORWAY-MOSQUE-SHOOTING
    Flowers and a police cordon are pictured in front of the al-Noor Islamic Centre Mosque in Baerum near Oslo, Norway, on August 12, 2019.
    Orn Borgeno/AFP/Getty Images

    An attempted mass killing at a mosque outside Oslo, Norway, on Saturday was allegedly perpetrated by a young white man who holds extreme right-wing views — and was seemingly inspired by last week’s El Paso attack that targeted America’s Latinx community.

    Oslo police on Sunday said they’re looking into the shooting at the al-Noor Islamic Center in Baerum as “an attempted act of terrorism.” No one was killed because only three people were there when the assailant came in — though dozens were there just 10 minutes earlier — and the suspected attacker was overpowered by two men at the site even as shots were fired at them. One of the men who brought the shooter down is 65 years old and sustained the attempt’s lone injury.

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  • Emily Stewart

    Emily Stewart

    The drama over Mitch McConnell’s Twitter account, explained

    Protesters holding signs outside of Mitch McConnell’s office after two mass shootings in August.
    Protesters holding signs outside of Mitch McConnell’s office after two mass shootings in August.
    Protesters outside Mitch McConnell’s office after two mass shootings in August.
    Luke Sharrett/Getty Images

    It doesn’t make a ton of sense that Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell’s team would tweet out a video of people making threats to him — or, really, that Twitter would decide that’s the moment to crack down on the account. But here we are.

    Conservatives found yet another reason to war with social media this week after Twitter temporarily locked McConnell’s “Team Mitch” campaign account on Wednesday. The social media platform said the decision was made because the account had tweeted content that violated its “violent threats policy, specifically threats involving physical safety.”

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  • The El Paso shooter told police that he was targeting Mexicans

    A photo of Javier Rodriguez (2nd L), 15, and friends adorn a makeshift memorial for victims of the Cielo Vista Mall Walmart shooting in El Paso, Texas, on August 6, 2019. - Rodriguez was one of the victims of the August 3 shooting left 22 people dead.
    A photo of Javier Rodriguez (2nd L), 15, and friends adorn a makeshift memorial for victims of the Cielo Vista Mall Walmart shooting in El Paso, Texas, on August 6, 2019. - Rodriguez was one of the victims of the August 3 shooting left 22 people dead.
    A photo of Javier Rodriguez (second from left), 15, and friends adorns a memorial for victims of the Walmart shooting in El Paso, Texas, on August 6, 2019. Rodriguez was one of 22 people killed.
    Mark Ralston/AFP/Getty Images

    The El Paso shooter told a detective after his arrest on Saturday that he was targeting Mexicans when he opened fire at a Walmart.

    The shooter, who surrendered to police, revealed this during an interrogation at El Paso police headquarters, after waiving his Miranda rights, according to a court affidavit obtained by the New York Times.

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  • Ella Nilsen

    Ella Nilsen

    Trump’s sudden push for a possibly doomed background check bill, explained

    President Donald Trump speaks to the media while flanked by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell at the US Capitol in March 2019.
    President Donald Trump speaks to the media while flanked by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell at the US Capitol in March 2019.
    President Donald Trump speaks to the media while flanked by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell at the US Capitol in March 2019.
    Mark Wilson/Getty Images

    After two mass shootings last week, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and President Donald Trump agree on something: They want a bipartisan background check bill to pass Congress. But the looming question is whether Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell will agree — and whether it will happen before Trump changes his mind.

    In comments to reporters Friday morning, Trump boasted he could get Senate Republicans behind a bill strengthening background checks for gun sales, and that his supporters would get on board as well if he told them to. (The NRA, for one, does not support an enhanced background check bill.) Trump said he had spoken to McConnell and claimed the Senate Republican leader is now “totally on board” with passing something.

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  • Jane Coaston

    Jane Coaston

    Why the El Paso shooter isn’t being charged with terrorism

    The Mexican and US flags fly at a makeshift memorial honoring victims outside Walmart, near the scene of a mass shooting which left at least 22 people dead, on August 7, 2019, in El Paso, Texas.
    The Mexican and US flags fly at a makeshift memorial honoring victims outside Walmart, near the scene of a mass shooting which left at least 22 people dead, on August 7, 2019, in El Paso, Texas.
    The Mexican and US flags fly at a makeshift memorial honoring victims outside Walmart, near the scene of a mass shooting which left at least 22 people dead, on August 7, 2019, in El Paso, Texas.
    Mario Tama/Getty Images

    It’s no wonder that the US attorney for the Western District of Texas said Sunday that the man who drove 600 miles to kill 22 people in the ethnically diverse city of El Paso, Texas, was being treated as a domestic terrorist. But it’s a largely hollow statement: The shooter won’t be charged as a domestic terrorist.

    For many reasons, domestic terrorism in the United States — largely committed by people ideologically tied to white nationalism and white supremacy — is viewed differently from the international variety and has no specific penalties under the law. This fact has been the source of anger on the left for years — after the Oklahoma City bombings, for example — but some prominent conservatives have now coalesced around the same thought.

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  • Alvin Chang

    Alvin Chang

    Why video games aren’t causing America’s gun problem, in one chart

    Republican leaders are again saying video games are the problem.

    After two deadly mass shootings over the weekend in Ohio and Texas, which killed more than 30 people thus far, House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy said that “video games that dehumanize individuals” are the problem.

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  • Trump described an imaginary “invasion” at the border 2 dozen times in the past year

    U.S. President Donald Trump delivers remarks as Apple CEO Tim Cook and Ivanka Trump look on during a meeting with the American Workforce Policy Advisory Board inside the State Dining Room on March 6, 2019 in Washington, DC.
    U.S. President Donald Trump delivers remarks as Apple CEO Tim Cook and Ivanka Trump look on during a meeting with the American Workforce Policy Advisory Board inside the State Dining Room on March 6, 2019 in Washington, DC.
    President Donald Trump’s meeting with business leaders at the White House in March 2019 was just one of many instances in which he warned of an imaginary invasion at the border.
    Tom Brenner/Getty Images

    A man drove more than 10 hours to a Walmart in the Texas border city of El Paso Saturday, reportedly intending to kill Latinx people and immigrants. Minutes before he shot dozens of people, a racist, xenophobic manifesto appeared on the 8chan online forum, warning readers of a “Hispanic invasion” of Texas. Federal officials believe the shooter wrote it.

    The language used to describe Mexican Americans and Latinx immigrants was shocking — not just because of the hatred and racism it revealed, but because it was similar to the language repeated by the president of the United States.

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  • Aaron Rupar

    Aaron Rupar

    Trump would rather blame Democrats than grapple with his “invasion” rhetoric

    President Trump Departs White House En Route To Dayton, Ohio And El Paso, Texas
    President Trump Departs White House En Route To Dayton, Ohio And El Paso, Texas
    Trump speaks to reporters on Wednesday.
    Zach Gibson/Getty Images

    President Donald Trump is using a false equivalency to dismiss concerns over his rhetoric after the El Paso, Texas, mass shooting that left 22 dead last Saturday — one that was motivated by the anti-immigrant hysteria he regularly foments.

    During a Q&A session with reporters ahead of his controversial trip to El Paso and Dayton, Ohio — the site of another mass shooting that left nine dead the same weekend — Trump pointed to the Dayton shooter as evidence that Democrats also share responsibility for violence.

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  • Alex Ward

    Alex Ward

    Pete Buttigieg’s plan to combat domestic terrorists and pass gun control laws, explained

    Mayor Pete Buttigieg Attends The Rainbow PUSH Coalition’s Annual International Convention Business Breakfast
    Mayor Pete Buttigieg Attends The Rainbow PUSH Coalition’s Annual International Convention Business Breakfast
    Democratic presidential candidate and South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg speaks to the press while attending the Rainbow PUSH Coalition Annual International Convention on July 2, 2019, in Chicago.
    Scott Olson/Getty Images

    Pete Buttigieg, the South Bend, Indiana, mayor and 2020 presidential candidate, released his proposal to combat domestic terrorism in a Medium post on Tuesday — and it could kick off a heated debate among Democrats about how to punish such crimes in the United States.

    “An Action Plan to Combat the National Threat Posed by Hate and the Gun Lobby,” the first treatment of its kind during this election cycle, comes just days after the mass shootings in Dayton, Ohio, and El Paso, Texas — the latter allegedly animated by racism — which killed at least 31 people in total.

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  • Aaron Rupar

    Aaron Rupar

    Trump is visiting El Paso and Dayton. Some local officials aren’t happy.

    Trump tossing paper towels into a crowd in Puerto Rico.
    Trump tossing paper towels into a crowd in Puerto Rico.
    This image of Trump shooting paper towels into a crowd of hurricane victims in Puerto Rico in October 2017 is perhaps the best encapsulation of his struggles with the “uniter in chief” role.
    Mandel Ngan/AFP/Getty Images

    One of the unwritten but traditional roles of the president is to act as a “consoler in chief” during moments of national tragedy. Donald Trump, however, isn’t a traditional president.

    On Wednesday, Trump is scheduled to travel to El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, two communities ravaged by mass shootings that happened on Saturday and Sunday and took the lives of 22 people and nine people, respectively. But whereas visits from previous presidents under such circumstances would typically be uncontroversial affairs, Trump’s is not.

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  • Aja Romano

    Aja Romano

    Millions of gamers manage not to shoot people. #VideoGamesAreNotToBlame is for them.

    Gamers compete at the Evolution Championship Series on August 2, 2019, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
    Gamers compete at the Evolution Championship Series on August 2, 2019, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
    Gamers compete at the Evolution Championship Series on August 2, 2019, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
    Joe Buglewicz/Getty Images

    In the wake of two mass shootings over the weekend in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, public debate has broken out yet again over the societal role of video games — as manifested in two competing hashtags: #VideoGamesAreNotToBlame and #VideoGamesAreToBlame.

    In an incendiary White House speech on the shootings on Monday, President Donald Trump blamed “gruesome and grisly video games” for part of the “glorification of violence in our society.” His words echoed those of other lawmakers following the most recent shootings — and, more significantly, revived an argument that Trump himself has used multiple times following previous mass shootings, including the 2018 Parkland shooting.

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  • Zack Beauchamp

    Zack Beauchamp

    The El Paso shooting isn’t an anomaly. It’s American history repeating itself.

    22 Dead And 26 Injured In Mass Shooting At Shopping Center In El Paso
    22 Dead And 26 Injured In Mass Shooting At Shopping Center In El Paso
    An August 5 candlelight prayer vigil near the scene of the El Paso mass shooting.
    Mario Tama/Getty Images

    The El Paso shooter is not a fluke or an anomaly. He is part of a resurgence of white nationalist violence in the United States, a wave of killings that are themselves part of a very long history of political violence by American racists and white nationalists.

    In the years after the Civil War, the Ku Klux Klan and other terrorist groups launched a wave of killings aimed at intimidating newly freed black people and restoring the antebellum racial order. Around the same time, an increase in immigration from East Asia and Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to a wave of lynchings and mob violence targeting migrants, including large-scale race riots in Los Angeles in 1871 and in El Paso in 1916.

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  • Aaron Rupar

    Aaron Rupar

    Fox & Friends pushes incendiary “invasion” conspiracy theory — even after El Paso shooting

    Rather than distance themselves from the immigrant “invasion” conspiracy theory that allegedly motivated a white supremacist shooter in El Paso to kill at least 22 people on Saturday, Tuesday’s edition of Fox & Friends indicated the hosts of President Donald Trump’s favorite show will continue to defend and reinforce it.

    On Tuesday, host Brian Kilmeade — echoing the manifesto written by the El Paso shooter, who in turn drew inspiration from President Donald Trump — defended the use of the term “invasion” to describe migrants and asylum seekers crossing the southern border, saying, “if you use the term ‘invasion,’ it’s not anti-Hispanic, it’s a fact.”

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  • Dayton, Ohio, shooting: what we know

    Police cordon off a nightlife district in Dayton, Ohio, following a mass shooting there.
    Police cordon off a nightlife district in Dayton, Ohio, following a mass shooting there.
    Police cordon off a nightlife district in Dayton, Ohio, following a mass shooting there.
    Derek Myers/AFP/Getty Images

    As of Tuesday morning, this article is no longer being updated. For continuing coverage on gun violence, check out Vox’s gun violence section.

    A gunman killed nine people and injured at least 27 in Dayton, Ohio, shortly after 1 am local time on Sunday. The attack was the US’s second major mass shooting in 24 hours, following another mass shooting in El Paso, Texas.

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  • Lauren Katz

    Lauren Katz

    A new approach to guns in America

    Multiple Fatalities In Mass Shooting At Shopping Center In El Paso
    Multiple Fatalities In Mass Shooting At Shopping Center In El Paso
    People react and embrace each other during an interfaith vigil for victims of a mass shooting which left at least 20 people dead, on August 4, 2019, in El Paso, Texas.
    Mario Tama/Getty Images

    Americans are once again confronting the country’s unique relationship with guns.

    On Saturday, a shooter killed at least 22 people and injured at least two dozen others at a Walmart in El Paso, Texas. On Sunday, a gunman killed at least nine people and injured at least 27 in Dayton, Ohio, shortly after 1 am local time.

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  • Catherine Kim

    Catherine Kim

    Obama denounces gun violence and white nationalism after recent mass shootings

    Barack Obama speaks during a get-out-the-vote rally at the Cox Pavilion as he campaigns for Nevada Democratic candidates on October 22, 2018, in Las Vegas.
    Barack Obama speaks during a get-out-the-vote rally at the Cox Pavilion as he campaigns for Nevada Democratic candidates on October 22, 2018, in Las Vegas.
    Barack Obama speaks during a get-out-the-vote rally at the Cox Pavilion as he campaigns for Nevada Democratic candidates on October 22, 2018, in Las Vegas.
    Ethan Miller/Getty Images

    Former President Barack Obama called for more gun control and condemned racist rhetoric — including from “our leaders” — in the aftermath of the mass shootings in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, over the weekend.

    “We are not helpless here,” Obama wrote in a statement posted on Twitter. “And until all of us stand up and insist on holding public officials accountable for changing our gun laws, these tragedies will keep happening.”

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  • Aaron Rupar

    Aaron Rupar

    Police “neutralized” the Dayton shooter in 30 seconds. He still shot 14 people.

    Markers at the scene of the Dayton shooting
    Markers at the scene of the Dayton shooting
    Police mark evidence after an active shooter opened fire in the Oregon District in Dayton, Ohio, on Sunday morning.
    Megan Jelinger/AFP/Getty Images

    In America, guns in general are a big problem. But the mass shooting that took place early Sunday in Dayton, Ohio, is the latest illustration that some guns are bigger problems than others — even in situations when law enforcement is able to respond to almost instantaneously.

    According to Dayton Police Chief Richard Biehl, the gunman who opened fire in the popular Oregon District in downtown Dayton around bar close time was “neutralized” by officers a mere 30 seconds after he fired his first shot. But largely due to the .223-caliber high-capacity rifle with 100-round magazines he was wielding, 30 seconds was all the time he needed to leave nine people dead and at least 27 others injured before he was killed by police. CNN, citing Dayton officials, reported that the gunman fired 41 shots in less than 30 seconds, and stuck 14 people with gunfire.

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  • Alex Abad-Santos

    Alex Abad-Santos

    Neil deGrasse Tyson tried to “well, actually” the El Paso and Dayton mass shootings. It didn’t go well.

    Event honoree Neil deGrasse Tyson attends the 2019 Webby Awards at Cipriani Wall St. on May 13, 2019 in New York City.
    Event honoree Neil deGrasse Tyson attends the 2019 Webby Awards at Cipriani Wall St. on May 13, 2019 in New York City.
    Photo by Gary Gershoff/WireImage

    Neil deGrasse Tyson, celebrity astrophysicist, is sorry for tweeting.

    Over the weekend, after the mass shootings in Dayton, Ohio, and El Paso, Texas, Tyson tweeted that the number of people killed in the shootings paled in comparison to deaths due to things like car accidents and that our “emotions respond to spectacle more than data”:

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  • Constance Grady

    Constance Grady

    The Dayton, Ohio, shooter reportedly kept a “rape list” of potential victims

    A rosary in a man’s hand foregrounded against flowers and candles arranged on the sidewalk in a makeshift memorial.
    A rosary in a man’s hand foregrounded against flowers and candles arranged on the sidewalk in a makeshift memorial.
    A mourner prays at a makeshift memorial in the Oregon District following a mass shooting on August 05, 2019 in Dayton, Ohio.
    Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images

    The gunman responsible for the mass shooting in Dayton, Ohio, this weekend had a history in school of threatening violence against women, reports CNN. That makes him part of a long, familiar, and sad pattern.

    According to multiple students at Connor Betts’s former high school, Betts kept a list of fellow students who he planned to target, CNN says. The boys’ names were on a “hit list,” and the girls’ on a “rape list.” Some of the girls listed were those whom Betts had approached for dates and turned him down, while others say they “didn’t really know” Betts and had no idea why he put them on his list.

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  • P.R. Lockhart

    “I’m outraged and you should be too”: El Paso condemns racism and bigotry in wake of shooting

    A large group of El Paso residents gather for a candlelight vigil.
    A large group of El Paso residents gather for a candlelight vigil.
    El Paso residents gather for a community vigil on August 4, 2019, one day after a gunman killed at least 20 people and wounded dozens of others at a shopping complex.
    Mario Tama/Getty Images

    In the days after a mass shooting in a Walmart in El Paso, Texas, left 22 dead and more than two dozen others injured, local residents, community leaders, and elected officials have forcefully denounced the attack, arguing that the shooting was clearly rooted in racism and white supremacy.

    Saturday’s shooting is being investigated as an act of anti-immigrant domestic terrorism by federal authorities, and it is possible that the suspected shooter, who has already been charged with capital murder, will also face hate crimes charges. On Sunday, John Bash, US Attorney for the Western District of Texas, said the shooting “appears to be designed to intimidate a civilian population.” A manifesto allegedly posted by the suspect used anti-immigrant language, referring to Hispanic and Latino communities as a threat to the future of the United States.

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  • Emily Stewart

    Emily Stewart

    8chan, a nexus of radicalization, explained

    Both the Christchurch and Poway shooters appear to have been radicalized in the same dark place on the internet: 8chan.
    Both the Christchurch and Poway shooters appear to have been radicalized in the same dark place on the internet: 8chan.
    Both the Christchurch and Poway shooters appear to have been radicalized in the same dark place on the internet: 8chan.
    Sergei Konkov/Getty Images

    On August 4, a 21-year-old man opened fire at an El Paso, Texas, Walmart, killing 22 people and injuring at least two dozen others. The incident appears to have an eerie similarity with shootings at a San Diego synagogue in April and two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, in March: The shooters were spending time in the same dark corner of the internet, specifically, a site called 8chan — a notoriously difficult-to-police forum. But the El Paso shooting may finally change that.

    8chan is an online message board that since its 2013 launch has become the home of some of the most vitriolic content on the internet. It characterizes itself as the “darkest reaches” of the online world in its tagline and has fostered a reputation as a nearly lawless space for free speech — however hateful or dangerous it may be — to flourish.

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